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North Macedonia

North Macedonia

Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia (1991)

Part I, Article 8:

“The fundamental values of the constitutional order of the Republic of Macedonia are:proper urban and rural planning to promote a congenial human environment, as well as ecological protection and development;”

Part II, Section 2, Article 43:

“Everyone has the right to a healthy environment to live in.

Everyone is obliged to promote and protect the environment.

The Republic provides conditions for the exercise of the right of citizens to a healthy environment.”

Part II, Section 4, Article 55:

“…The freedom of the market and entrepreneurship can be restricted by law only for reasons of the defence of the Republic, protection of the natural and living environment or public health.”

Part X, Amendment XVII:

“1. In units of local self-government, citizens directly and through representatives participate in decision-making on issues of local relevance particularly in the fields of public services, urban and rural planning, environmental protection, local economic development, local finances, communal activities, culture, sport, social security and child care, education, health care and other fields determined by law.

2. In the city of Skopje the citizens directly and through representatives participate in decision-making on issues of relevance to the city of Skopje, particularly in the fields of public services, urban and rural planning, environmental protection, local economic development, local finances, communal activities, culture, sport, social security and child care, education, health care and other fields determined by law.”